# Liriodendron tulipifera Stem W = aD + bD^2 (Table 10)

Stem biomass equation for Liriodendron tulipifera, South Korea, from Kang et al. 2016. 40 trees, DBH 5.9–38.7 cm. Listed on Tree Allometrics, a free library of tree allometric equations, each quoted from the source that published it.

## Equation

As printed in Kang et al. 2016 (Table 10 (W=aD+bD^2)):

> Stem -3.058 0.423 0.964

Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#equation

In this library's units, ready to compute (stem biomass in kg):

```
Stem biomass = -3.058 * D + 0.423 * D^2
```

Inputs: D = Diameter at breast height (1.3 m) (cm).
The source's own form: -3.058 * DBH + 0.423 * DBH^2, with DBH in cm; output in kg.
Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#canonical

## What it covers

- Output: Stem biomass, kg
- Taxon: Liriodendron tulipifera (species), family Magnoliaceae; broadleaf
- Where: Suwon (Gyeonggi), Jangseong and Gangjin (Jeollanam-do), South Korea. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#where
- Biomes: temperate
- Stand: plantation
- Trees measured: 40. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#n_trees
- DBH range: 5.9–38.7 cm. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#dbh
- R²: 0.964. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#r2
- Method: regression in SPSS 19.0. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#method
- Verification: read in the original source
- Last checked: 2026-11-02. Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#checked_at

A missing fit statistic is one the source doesn't state, or that we haven't recorded; it is never estimated. Outside the stated DBH range or region, the equation is an extrapolation.

## Source

Kang, M.S., Jang, K.S., Son, Y.M., et al. (2016). Allometric Equations and Biomass Expansion of Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) in Southern Korea. Journal of Korean Forest Society, 105(4), 463-471.

- DOI: https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2016.105.4.463
- Access: open access
- Copy we read: http://e-journal.kfs21.or.kr/journal/view.asp?key=3493107
- Every equation from this source: https://treeallometry.org/sources/kang-2016/
- Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#source

## The facts, in the source's words

**Equation** (Table 10 (W=aD+bD^2)):

> Stem -3.058 0.423 0.964

Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#equation

**Trees measured** (결과 및 고찰 1 (Results 1)):

> 조사한 백합나무 표준목은 40본이나 뿌리까지 굴취한 것은 21본이다.

Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#quote-fit-n-trees

**Our note:** W = dry weight in kg (Table 7 in kg), D = DBH in cm. The paper prints no correction factor, so none is applied. Predicts negative biomass below about 12 cm DBH (authors' remark), so the authors prefer the power form. DBH 5.9-38.7 cm and height 6.6-26.6 m are the min and max of the per-site ranges in Table 6 (Suwon, Jangseong, Gangjin; ages 8-34 years).

## Checks this equation passes

On every build, the library's form and the source's own form (in its units) must both give these values within 1%.

| Inputs | Expected | We get | From |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| D = 15 | 49.3 | 49.3 | Computed from the printed form: computed from the Table 10 coefficients |
| D = 30 | 289 | 289 | Computed from the printed form: computed from the Table 10 coefficients |

Cite: https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/#checks

The calculator on the page shows carbon as biomass × 0.47 (IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Vol. 4, Ch. 4, Table 4.3) and CO₂e as carbon × 44/12.

## How to cite

Cite the source for the equation: Kang, M.S., Jang, K.S., Son, Y.M., et al. (2016). Allometric Equations and Biomass Expansion of Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) in Southern Korea. Journal of Korean Forest Society, 105(4), 463-471. https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2016.105.4.463

Cite this page for the record and checks: Tree Allometrics (Restoration Scope), "Liriodendron tulipifera Stem W = aD + bD^2 (Table 10)", checked 2026-11-02, https://treeallometry.org/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d/. Data CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Quotes are the authors' words.

Data for this equation: https://treeallometry.org/data/equations/kang-2016-stem-quad-d.json
Report a problem: email info@restorationscope.com with the equation id (kang-2016-stem-quad-d) and where the right value appears.