# Betula pendula

Betulaceae. 10 equations apply. Each output lists them most specific first: fitted on this species, on a variety of it, pooled fits that included it, then its genus and family. Within each step, equations the authors advised against go last, then those read from compilations; more trees come first. The order shows how specific the evidence is, not which equation predicts best.

## Aboveground biomass

1. Petrova et al. 2026 (this species): Fitted on this species; 18 trees; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Betula pendula total aboveground biomass vs DBH (Eq. 4), forest-swamp, Middle Urals](https://treeallometry.org/equations/petrova-2026-birch-agb/), Petrova et al. 2026: Betula pendula, Russia; inputs DBH; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; 18 trees.

2. Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014 (same genus): Fitted on the genus Betula; 86 trees across all species; DBH 1–11 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Birch aboveground biomass, young dense stands, N Sweden (Table 5)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/repola-2014-agb-birch/), Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014: Betula, Sweden; inputs DBH + Height; DBH 1–11 cm; 86 trees.

3. Repola 2008 (same genus): Fitted on the genus Betula; 127 trees across all species; DBH 2.5–38 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Birch total above-ground biomass excluding foliage, Model 1a (Eq. 11)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/repola-2008-betula-total/), Repola 2008: Betula, Finland; inputs DBH + Height; DBH 2.5–38 cm; 127 trees.

## Stem biomass

1. Petrova et al. 2026 (this species): Fitted on this species; 18 trees; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Betula pendula stem in bark biomass vs DBH (Eq. 4), forest-swamp, Middle Urals](https://treeallometry.org/equations/petrova-2026-birch-st/), Petrova et al. 2026: Betula pendula, Russia; inputs DBH; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; 18 trees.

2. Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014 (same genus): Fitted on the genus Betula; 86 trees across all species; DBH 1–11 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Birch stem biomass, young dense stands, N Sweden (Table 5)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/repola-2014-stem-birch/), Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014: Betula, Sweden; inputs DBH + Height; DBH 1–11 cm; 86 trees.

## Branch biomass

1. Petrova et al. 2026 (this species): Fitted on this species; 18 trees; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Betula pendula branches biomass vs DBH (Eq. 4), forest-swamp, Middle Urals](https://treeallometry.org/equations/petrova-2026-birch-br/), Petrova et al. 2026: Betula pendula, Russia; inputs DBH; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; 18 trees.

2. Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014 (same genus): Fitted on the genus Betula; 86 trees across all species; DBH 1–11 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Birch living branch biomass, young dense stands, N Sweden (Table 5)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/repola-2014-branch-birch/), Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014: Betula, Sweden; inputs DBH + Height; DBH 1–11 cm; 86 trees.

## Foliage biomass

1. Petrova et al. 2026 (this species): Fitted on this species; 18 trees; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Betula pendula foliage biomass vs DBH (Eq. 4), forest-swamp, Middle Urals](https://treeallometry.org/equations/petrova-2026-birch-f/), Petrova et al. 2026: Betula pendula, Russia; inputs DBH; DBH 1.1–17.1 cm; 18 trees.

2. Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014 (same genus): Fitted on the genus Betula; 86 trees across all species; DBH 1–11 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Birch foliage biomass, young dense stands, N Sweden (Table 5)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/repola-2014-foliage-birch/), Repola & Ahnlund Ulvcrona 2014: Betula, Sweden; inputs DBH; DBH 1–11 cm; 86 trees.

## Root biomass

1. Röhling et al. 2019 (this species): Fitted on this species; 48 trees; DBH 8.2–52.9 cm; Read from the original paper.
   - [Betula pendula, Germany, belowground biomass from DBH (Eq. 4, Tab. 1)](https://treeallometry.org/equations/rohling-2019-bgb-birch/), Röhling et al. 2019: Betula pendula, Germany; inputs DBH; DBH 8.2–52.9 cm; 48 trees.