Tree Allometrics

Tsuga canadensis / Aboveground biomass

Canadian national equation, eastern hemlock, dbh and height (sum of wood, bark, branches, foliage; Table 4)

Aboveground biomassTsuga canadensis · PinaceaeCanadaRead from the original paper
Photo of Tsuga canadensis
© Ian Manning · CC BY · iNaturalist
Equation

As printed (Eq. 3)

y wood = β wood1D βwood2Hβwood3 + ewood

In this library's units, ready to compute (kg)

Aboveground biomass = 0.0257 * D^1.9277 * H^0.8576 + 0.0118 * D^1.9893 * H^0.47 + 0.0215 * D^2.6553 * H^(-0.4682) + 0.1471 * D^2.0108 * H^(-0.608)
D
Diameter at breast height (1.3 m), cm
H
Total tree height, m

Total aboveground biomass = wood + bark + branches + foliage, each fitted as its own equation; the total is their sum (additivity by construction). r2 is the adjusted R² (AdjRSq) of this compartment in Table 5. Fitted on the original scale (weighted nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression), so there is no back-transform correction. Dead branches, cones and fruits are not part of aboveground biomass in this work (Materials). Stand type was not always recorded. Ung, Bernier & Guo (2008) later revised parameters for some species with British Columbia data; not used here.

Source
y bark = β bark1D βbark2Hβbark3 + e bark
Equation · Eq. 3
y branches = β branches1D βbranches2Hβbranches3 + e branches
Equation · Eq. 3
y foliage = β foliage1D βfoliage2Hβfoliage3 + efoliage
Equation · Eq. 3
Eastern hemlock bwood1 0.0257
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bwood2 1.9277
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bwood3 0.8576
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbark1 0.0118
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbark2 1.9893
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbark3 0.4700
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbranches1 0.0215
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbranches2 2.6553
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bbranches3 –0.4682
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bfoliage1 0.1471
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bfoliage2 2.0108
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
bfoliage3 –0.6080
Equation · Table 4, Eastern hemlock
Eastern hemlock 235 24.1±0.9 14.4±0.4 286.9±20.5
Trees measured · Table 2 (No. of trees)
(1.3;51.4) (2.3;26.5) (0.6;1406.6)
Smallest DBH · Table 2, Eastern hemlock (ranges of dbh, height, total biomass)
Total 0.0156 0.94 78.0 3.60 0.1216 0.95 68.8 2.89
R² · Table 5, Eastern hemlock (AdjRSq in the dbh- and height-based set, second block)
Trees measured
235
DBH range
1.3–51.4 cm
Height range
2.3–26.5 m
R²
0.95
Method
Nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression with weight functions; additivity constrained so compartments sum to total
Where
Ontario and Quebec, Canada (ENFOR archival data, early 1980s)
Last checked
2026-11-03
Calculate
Height from
130
Aboveground biomass (kg)
61
Carbon (kg), ×0.47
224
CO₂e (kg), ×44/12
Fitted DBH range0100200300400500600510152025303540DBH (cm)Aboveground biomass (kg)Aboveground biomass

Shaded: the DBH range the model was fitted on. Other inputs held at the values above.

Checks this equation passes

On every build, the library's form and the paper's own form (in its units) must both give these values within 1%.

InputsExpectedWe getFrom
D = 20, H = 15130130Computed from the printed form
computed from the published form at dbh = 20 cm, H = 15 m

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